I know this is old question, but I had the same problem which I solved today. From some time (not sure from when), it is possible to hide number in the workspace name (if you use i3bar). Here is the relevant configuration parts that set up reordering of workspaces for me in dvorak programmers style:
To hide number from workspace name:
bar {
...
strip_workspace_numbers yes
...
}
Then naming and assigning keys:
# assign workspaces to screens
workspace "1:$" output HDMI3
workspace "2:&" output HDMI3
workspace "3:7" output HDMI3
workspace "4:5" output HDMI3
workspace "5:3" output HDMI3
workspace "6:1" output HDMI3
workspace "7:9" output HDMI3
workspace "8:0" output HDMI3
workspace "9:2" output HDMI3
workspace "10:4" output HDMI3
workspace "11:6" output HDMI3
workspace "12:8" output HDMI3
workspace "13:#" output HDMI3
# switch to workspace
bindcode $myModC+$dollarC workspace "1:$"
bindcode $myModC+$ampC workspace "2:&"
bindcode $myModC+$sevenC workspace "3:7"
bindcode $myModC+$fiveC workspace "4:5"
bindcode $myModC+$threeC workspace "5:3"
bindcode $myModC+$oneC workspace "6:1"
bindcode $myModC+$nineC workspace "7:9"
bindcode $myModC+$zeroC workspace "8:0"
bindcode $myModC+$twoC workspace "9:2"
bindcode $myModC+$fourC workspace "10:4"
bindcode $myModC+$sixC workspace "11:6"
bindcode $myModC+$eightC workspace "12:8"
bindcode $myModC+$hashC workspace "13:#"
# move focused container to workspace
bindcode $myModC+Shift+$dollarC move workspace "1:$"
bindcode $myModC+Shift+$ampC move workspace "2:&"
bindcode $myModC+Shift+$sevenC move workspace "3:7"
bindcode $myModC+Shift+$fiveC move workspace "4:5"
bindcode $myModC+Shift+$threeC move workspace "5:3"
bindcode $myModC+Shift+$oneC move workspace "6:1"
bindcode $myModC+Shift+$nineC move workspace "7:9"
bindcode $myModC+Shift+$zeroC move workspace "8:0"
bindcode $myModC+Shift+$twoC move workspace "9:2"
bindcode $myModC+Shift+$fourC move workspace "10:4"
bindcode $myModC+Shift+$sixC move workspace "11:6"
bindcode $myModC+Shift+$eightC move workspace "12:8"
bindcode $myModC+Shift+$hashC move workspace "13:#"
And finally definition of keys:
set $myModC Mod4
set $dollarC 49
set $ampC 10
set $sevenC 11
set $fiveC 12
set $threeC 13
set $oneC 14
set $nineC 15
set $zeroC 16
set $twoC 17
set $fourC 18
set $sixC 19
set $eightC 20
set $hashC 21